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Chennai
| Chennai (formerly, Madras) is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal1, it is a major commercial, cultural, economic and educational center in South India. The area around Chennai had been part of successive South Indian kingdoms through centuries. The recorded history of the city began in the colonial times, specifically with the arrival of British East India Company and the establishment of Fort St. George in 1644. The British defended several attacks from the French colonial forces, and from the kingdom of Mysore, on Chennai's way to becoming a major naval2 port and presidency city by the late eighteenth century. Following the independence of India, Chennai became the capital of Tamil Nadu and an important centre of regional politics that tended to bank on3 the Dravidian identity of the populace4. According to the provisional5 results of 2011 census6, the city had 4.68 million residents, making it the sixth most populous city in India; the urban agglomeration7, which comprises8 the city and its suburbs, was home to approximately 8.9 million, making it the fourth most populous metropolitan9 area in the country and 31st largest urban area in the world. Chennai's economy has a broad industrial base in the automobile, computer, technology, hardware manufacturing and healthcare sectors10. As of 2012, the city is India's second largest exporter of information technology (IT) and business process outsourcing (BPO) services. A major part of India's automobile industry is based in and around the city thus earning it the nickname "Detroit of India". Chennai is an important centre for Carnatic music11 and hosts a large cultural event, the annual Madras Music Season, which includes performances by hundreds of artists. The city has a diverse theatre scene and is one of the important centres for Bharata Natyam, a classical dance form. The Tamil film industry, colloquially12 known as Kollywood, is based in the city. The city is host to the third largest expatriate population in India after Mumbai and Delhi, with 35,000 in 2009 and steadily climbing to 82,790 in 2011. |
1 the Bay of Bengal: 孟加拉灣 2 naval: 海的、海軍的 3 bank on: 寄希望於 4 populace: 民眾 5 provisional: 臨時的 6 census: 人口調查 7 agglomeration: 團結、凝聚 8 comprise: 包括 9 metropolitan: 大都市的 10 sector: 部門 11 Carnatic music: 12 colloquially: 通俗地、口語地 |
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